SPT 2 2019

Question 1 of 25

1. Question

Identify the incorrect statement:

Core stability is a dynamic concept where the lumbar muscles constantly adapt to meet the changing demands of the body.
Improvement in core stability can translate into greater force production in the extremities.
Local muscles contain receptors that assist in maintaining neutral spine only.
Core stability refers to the retraining of both the local and global muscle system.

Question 2 of 25

2. Question

Identify the incorrect statement

Trunk exercises on a Swiss ball increase the activation of the lower abdominal muscles significantly compared to similar exercise performed on stable surface.
Shoulder press exercises on a Swiss ball significantly increase the activation of the shoulder mover (pectoralis major) compared to the same exercise performed on a stable base.
A curl up performed on a stable base recruits a smaller % activation of the rectus abdominis muscles compared to a Swiss ball.
Isometric force output of the plantar flexors was less when exercises were performed on a Swiss ball compared to a stable surface.

Question 3 of 25

3. Question

Identify the accurate statement

Swiss ball exercises were found to increase VO2 max and running economy measures
Swiss ball exercises are most likely to promote increases in core strength and power.
In swimmers, Swiss ball exercises were not shown to demonstrate any improvements in postural control measures. Swim time or forward medicine ball throws.
Free weights on a stable surface would be preferable for increasing core strength in most sporting disciplines.

Question 4 of 25

4. Question

Core stability in injury prevention and rehabilitation. Identify the correct statement.

The value of core stability training in injury protection has been extrapolated from lower limb rehabilitation studies.
It is proposed that by exposing joints to unstable forces in training would provide a necessary sensory input which may enhance neuromuscular compensatory patterns.
Core stability exercises on the Swiss ball or balance boards are best performed in the off-season or as rehabilitation exercises.
All of the above.

Question 5 of 25

5. Question

Identify the incorrect statement. Traditional exercises can be modified to emphasise core stability in the following ways:

Performing exercises on unstable vs stable surfaces
Using free weights rather than machines
Performing exercises seated rather than standing
Performing exercises unilaterally rather than bilaterally.

Question 6 of 25

6. Question

Identify the incorrect statement:

48 growth plates are involved in longitudinal spinal growth
The spine undergoes an earlier growth spurt than the limbs
The cartilaginous growth plate’s mechanical resistance increases with more elite sport
Back pain is linked to increase training hours about 6, but definitely 12 hours per week

Question 7 of 25

7. Question

Which factors are not associated with strenuous physical activity and the spine are:

Incidence of back pain
MRI abnormalities
Increased thoracic kyphosis
Decreased lumbar lordosis

Question 8 of 25

8. Question

Identify the false statement with reference to spondylolysis

The clinical pain provocation test used is lumbar hyperextension
An episode of painful spondylolysis is an exclusion criteria for high level sport.
The main risk factor is pubertal growth spurt and not the level or type of sport.
There is no association of slip progression and low back pain.

Question 9 of 25

9. Question

List the red flags for children with back pain

Less than 5 years, acute trauma, functional limitations of ADL
Irradiating pain, loss of weight, exposure to TB, night pain, fever
Pain for duration > 4 weeks, Less than 5 years, acute trauma, functional limitations of ADL
History of tumour
All of the above

Question 10 of 25

10. Question

Choose the correct statement. The effect of the changes in strength and endurance of trunk muscles on the control of the trunk:

Is closely related to pain
Are unclear as the maximum strength and endurance are seldom needed in normal function
Is related to specific decreases in strength in the trunk only
Is closely linked with increased activity

Question 11 of 25

11. Question

Identify the incorrect statement concerning the nervous systems control of the stability system.

The local muscles are recruited earlier and do not vary depending on the direction of movement.
The local muscles provide general stiffening to the spine.
The global muscles are recruited more specifically for the required task.
If the deep local muscles are unable to provide the necessary stability the global system is unable to attempt to provide this stability.

Question 12 of 25

12. Question

Identify the incorrect statement

Changes in muscle composition of multifidus are evident in acute episodes of lower back pain.
The deep intrinsic muscles have a high density of muscle spindles compared to superficial muscles which appears to indicate a sensory, proprioceptive role for the local muscles.
When the respiratory demand of an individual is increased by disease the control of the postural muscles is compromised to assist in this increase in respiratory load.
d. The decrease in the feedforward motor control of the TrA is presents as delayed activation of TrA compared to mover muscles

Question 13 of 25

13. Question

Which of the following make up part of the SIJ provocative physical examination?

Gaenslen’s, FABERS, stork, joint distraction
Fortin finger test, joint compression, thigh thrust, FABERs
Stork test, thigh thrust, joint distraction, joint compression
Joint compression, Gaenslen’s, thigh thrust, FABERs

Question 14 of 25

14. Question

Which of the following is incorrect about the SIJ?

Nutation and counternutation involve about 10 degrees rotation and anterior gliding
The SIJ functions as a weight-transferring joint
The SIJ may be the source of pain in 15-30% of back patients
Symptoms may arise from trauma, pregnancy and degenerative changes

Question 15 of 25

15. Question

Which of the following is NOT indicative of SIJ pain?

Pain off the midline
Pain in transitioning
3 our of 5 positive provocative tests
Positive imaging results

Question 16 of 25

16. Question

Which of the following is not a female sex-related difference in the SIJ anatomy?

Shorter and more cylindrical
Larger auricular surface area
Increased curvature
Greater pubic angle

Question 17 of 25

17. Question

Which movements occur in the sacro-iliac joints?

Flexion
Abduction
Translation
Flexion-rotation

Question 18 of 25

18. Question

Which of the following are not a component of force closure?

Lateral force
Compressional reaction force
Tension in myofascial structures
Anatomical stability

Question 19 of 25

19. Question

True/False: Rigid motor strategies are the most effective way to handle high forces

True
False

Question 20 of 25

20. Question

True/False: Motor control i.e. timing and muscle recruitment is negatively affected by SIJ pain

True
False

Question 21 of 25

21. Question

A patient with Femoral Acetabular Impingement (FAI) Syndrome will complain of

Clicking
Motion-related pain
Position- related pain
Stiffness
All of the above

Question 22 of 25

22. Question

What range of motion will most likely be limited in a OA and FAI Syndrome patient?

Flexion
Abduction
Lateral Rotation
Medial rotation
Extension

Question 23 of 25

23. Question

Physiotherapy is successful in treating FAI syndrome due to – indicate which statement is NOT TRUE.

Improving hip morphology
Neuromuscular control
Improve ROM
Improve hip stability
Improved strength

Question 24 of 25

24. Question

Potential imaging for patients with groin pain that will benefit from an X-ray more than Ultrasound

Inguinal related groin pain
Adductor related groin pain
Hip related
Pubic Related Groin pain
Iliopsoas related

Question 25 of 25

25. Question

Pain provocation testing around the hip to examine acute adductor strain include:

Palpation
Stretch
Resistance testing
All of the above